Pollution control is a
term used in environmental management. It means the control of emissions and
effluents into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the waste
products from consumption, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing,
transportation and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse,
will degrade the environment. Pollution Control is an Open Access OMICS Group
Journal which is named as Journal of Pollution Effects & Control. In the
hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and waste minimization are more
desirable than pollution control. In the field of land development, low impact
development is a similar technique for the prevention of urban runoff.
Pollution prevention describes activities that reduce the amount of pollution
generated by a process, whether it is consumer consumption, driving, or
industrial production. In contrast to most pollution control strategies, which
seek to manage a pollutant after it is formed and reduce its impact upon the
environment, the pollution prevention approach seeks to increase the efficiency
of a process, thereby reducing the amount of pollution generated at its source.
Although there is wide agreement that source reduction is the preferred
strategy, some professionals also use the term pollution prevention to include
pollution reduction
An inevitable consequence of development and industrial
progress is generation of waste. Therefore, efficient waste management is a
matter of international concern and countries have set up robust regulatory
waste management regimes for balancing the objectives of development and
environment sustainability. In India, the National Environment Policy, 2006
while suggesting measures for controlling various forms of environmental
pollution lays emphasis on the need for collection and treatment systems for
recycling wastes and devising measures for environmentally safe disposal of
residues.1 In India, waste management is governed by various sub-ordinate
legislations and the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government
of India ("MoEF") in conjunct with State Pollution Control Boards of
different states ("SPCB") administer the gamut of waste management
regulations. This bulletin aims at providing an overview of the various rules
governing waste management in India and the issues faced in their compliance.
1. Regulatory Regime for Waste Management
Indian waste management rules are founded on the principles
of "sustainable development", "precaution" (measures should
be taken to avoid environmental degradation and hazards) and "polluter
pays" (polluter must bear costs for damages and harm caused to environment
by his own acts). These principles form an integral part of Indian
environmental law jurisprudence, as observed by the Supreme Court of India in various
decisions.2 These principles mandate companies and industrial units to act in
an environmentally accountable and responsible manner and for restoring the
balance, if the same has been disrupted by their business processes. Bearing
the essence in mind and the increased levels of waste generation as a
by-product of development, various sub-ordinate legislations for regulating the
manner of disposal and dealing with generated waste are made by MoEF under the
umbrella law of Environment Protection Act, 1986 ("EPA").
Pollution and the growing
volumes of solid and hazardous wastes are major threats to the environments and
sustainable development of the Pacific islands. Globalization is accelerating
the transition of Pacific communities towards consumer economies, with
increasing urbanization, migration, and participation in international trade.
This is resulting in an escalation in the generation of solid and liquid
wastes, and these increase the risk of coastal and marine pollution. The lack
of controls on imported chemicals and the lack of capacity for managing
pollutants threaten to undermine the quality and health of vulnerable
ecosystems on which Pacific islanders depend.
SPREP is mandated to take action on waste
management and the control of pollution. The Secretariat's focus is to improve
Members' technical capacity to manage pollution, solid wastes and hazardous
chemicals through provision of training, technical advice and support. SPREP
also encourages the development of national and regional waste management
infrastructure and innovative funding measures, and the sharing of best
practices across the region in order to support environmentally sound and
sustainable waste management and reduce pollution. SPREP also supports renewed efforts
in educating communities through national and other targeted awareness
campaigns. With the support of bilateral and multilateral partnerships, the
goal is for all members to have national waste management and pollution control
policies, strategies, plans and practices in place to minimize terrestrial,
atmospheric and marine pollution, hazardous waste, solid waste and other
land-based sources of pollution. So if you are interested to buy pollution
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